Is Tartar and Plaque the Same Thing?
No, tartar and plaque are not the same thing, although they are closely related and often confused. Both contribute to gum disease and tooth decay, but they differ significantly in their composition, formation, and removal. Understanding the distinction is crucial for maintaining good oral hygiene.
What is Plaque?
Plaque is a sticky, colorless film that constantly forms on your teeth. It's a complex mixture of bacteria, food particles, and saliva. The bacteria in plaque produce acids that attack tooth enamel, leading to cavities. If left undisturbed, plaque hardens into tartar. Think of plaque as the precursor to tartar; it's the soft, early stage of the buildup. You can easily remove plaque with regular brushing and flossing.
What is Tartar?
Tartar, also known as calculus, is hardened plaque. Over time, the minerals in saliva crystallize and solidify the plaque, making it a much harder substance. Tartar is a yellowish or brownish deposit that clings stubbornly to your teeth, especially near the gumline. Because it’s hardened, you can't remove tartar with brushing and flossing alone. It requires professional cleaning by a dentist or hygienist.
How Does Plaque Turn into Tartar?
The transformation of plaque into tartar is a gradual process. The longer plaque remains on your teeth, the more likely it is to mineralize and harden. Factors that can speed up this process include:
- Poor oral hygiene: Insufficient brushing and flossing allow plaque to accumulate rapidly.
- Diet: A diet high in sugary and starchy foods feeds the bacteria in plaque, promoting its growth and hardening.
- Certain medical conditions: Some medical conditions and medications can affect saliva production and increase the risk of tartar buildup.
- Smoking: Smoking can increase the rate of plaque buildup and tartar formation.
How Can I Prevent Tartar Buildup?
The best way to prevent tartar buildup is to prevent plaque buildup in the first place. This involves:
- Brushing: Brush your teeth thoroughly twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, using a soft-bristled brush.
- Flossing: Floss daily to remove plaque and food particles from between your teeth and along the gumline.
- Regular Dental Checkups: Schedule regular checkups and professional cleanings with your dentist. Professional cleaning removes tartar and plaque that you can’t remove yourself.
- Dietary Changes: Limit sugary and starchy foods and drinks.
Can I Remove Tartar Myself?
No, you cannot effectively remove tartar at home. Its hard, calcified nature makes it impossible to dislodge with standard brushing and flossing techniques. Attempting to scrape it off yourself can damage your gums and enamel. Professional cleaning by a dental hygienist is the only way to remove tartar safely and effectively.
What are the Consequences of Ignoring Plaque and Tartar?
Ignoring plaque and tartar can lead to several serious oral health problems, including:
- Gingivitis: Inflammation of the gums, often characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding.
- Periodontitis (Gum Disease): A more advanced form of gum disease that can lead to tooth loss if left untreated.
- Cavities: Tooth decay caused by the acids produced by bacteria in plaque.
- Bad Breath: Bacteria in plaque and tartar contribute to halitosis (bad breath).
In short, while both plaque and tartar are detrimental to oral health, they are distinct stages in the buildup of bacterial deposits on your teeth. Regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleanings are essential for preventing both. Remember, prevention is always better than cure when it comes to oral hygiene.
